Obstructive sleep apnea representations, self-efficacy and family coping regarding APAP adherence: a longitudinal study

Adherence is still an important issue considering new advances in Obstructive Sleep
Apnea (OSA) treatment, as automatic positive airway pressure (APAP). The aim of
the present study was to identify and explore relationships between identified predictors
of adherence, over time. After overnight sleep study and OSA diagnosis and
during a six-month APAP treatment period, a total of 153 patients underwent a three
time psychological protocol evaluation. Generalized estimating equations were
applied to analyzed repeated measurements in the same individuals. Results show
that 40% of patients were poorly adherent and 60% were adherent after six months
of treatment. The results confirmed a predictive value of age, self-efficacy, decisional
balance index and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in APAP adherence. Furthermore,
the results revealed an interaction between time and illness cognitive representations,
and self-efficacy and family coping, in explaining adherence patterns
over time. Therefore, understanding the causality of theoretically derived constructs
is crucial to predict the continuity of APAP adherence.
Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT)